Target Case free essay sample

Target’s Capital Expenditure Committee, consisting of five top level executives responsible for reviewing all large capital project requests, is currently considering 5 projects to add value to the corporation. Their overall goal is to add 100 stores a year, while maintaining a positive brand image and watching budget constraints. If the CEC rejects a proposal there are large financial and emotional sunk costs, due to the long development process. Each project is evaluated in terms of its quantitative, qualitative, and strategic parameters. In calculating the NPV of these projects, Target uses two hurdle rates, 9% and 4% for the store operations and credit-card cash flows respectively, due to the different costs of capital. Funding credit card receivables requires less risk than funding store operations because credit cards do not require many fixed assets and are only issued to individuals with suitable credit history. We have analyzed each project, ranked them according to value(best to worst i. We will write a custom essay sample on Target Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page . 1 to 5), and made a recommendation to accept/reject each one. Project: â€Å"The Barn† Rating: #1 Recommendation-Accept Construction of this P04 store allows Target to enter a new market. This investment offers the greatest return, with an NPV which is 128% of the $13 million investment, and an IRR of 16. 4%. By building this store, Target would be vastly increasing its brand awareness in an area that was formerly occupied by its competition. Although the low median income and low percentage of adults with college degrees suggest that the population may not fit the ideal Target guests, the prototype NPV is still attainable with a decrease in predicted sales by 18. 1%. Project: â€Å"Stadium Remodel†-Rating-#2 Recommendation-Accept The renovation of this successful SuperTarget requires an investment of $17 million, and provides an NPV of $15. 7 million(92% of investment) and an IRR of 10. 8%. In recent years the facility has begun to deteriorate; which, coupled with a decrease in sales has begun to tarnish Target’s brand image. If the status quo is maintained, sales will decrease until Target is forced to close this facility; never allowing them to obtain this large NPV, nor the $0. 4 million in tax benefits of depreciable property write-off. The high level of median income($65,931) and percentage of adults with college degrees(42%), indicates that this demographic matches Target’s ideal customer base, moderating the risk of sales falling short of the predicted amount. By renovating this location Target is revamping the shopping experience as well as their brand image. This store could be returned to its former glory with a small investment and low level of risk. Project: â€Å"Gopher Place†-Rating-#3 Recommendation-Accept This construction of a new P04 store in a critical market has an NPV of $16. 8 million, 73% of the initial investment of $23 million, and a favorable IRR of 12. 3%. The recent population growth in this area has also attracted the attention of Wal-Mart, who plans to open 2 new supercenters in this area, giving them control of 76% of the market. If Target does not invest here, Wal-Mart may gain a stranglehold in this area, making it impossible for Target to invest here at a later date. If Target does invest in this project, Wal-Mart may reconsider opening a second superstore in this area. Furthermore, building this store would help increase the Target brand awareness in the area. Although the percentage of college graduates(12%) amongst this population is lower than desired, the high median income(56,400) and large population growth(27%) should drive up sales at â€Å"Gopher Place†. While high cannibalization of sales(19%) from other Target stores and sensitivity to decreases in sales give this project a lower ranking, the benefits of the NPV, IRR, and strategic importance make this project acceptable. Project: â€Å"Whalen Court†-Rating-#4 Recommendation-Accept Construction of this unique store in the center of a major metropolitan area offers an IRR of 9. 8% and an NPV of $25. 9 million. However, these figures do not consider the scale of a project in which the NPV only accounts for 22% of the $119. 3 million investment. Furthermore, the land for this project must be leased, forcing Target to forego its archetype of purchasing land and forcing the CEC into a quick decision to avoid than missing this rare opportunity. Heavy foot traffic round this store will provide Target with a vast increase in brand visibility and awareness, allowing them to offset the large initial cost with a decrease in advertising budget. Whalen Court will be the flagship store in this established market area, where there are currently 45 Target stores. The large population, coupled with a median income of $48,500 and exceptionally high percentage of college graduates(45%) indicates a perfect communi ty for Target to enter. Although we recommend the acceptance of this project, the vast initial investment makes this project less attractive than its peers. Project: â€Å"Goldie’s Square†-Rating-#5 Recommendation-Reject While this SuperTarget was to be built in an area of strategic importance its return is not high enough to justify the investment cost. The NPV of $0. 3 million is a meager 1. 26% of the investment cost, and its IRR of 8. 1% is less than the required hurdle rate of 9%. The only reason it maintains a positive NPV is due to predicted credit card sales. 12 Target stores exist in the area, implying a large amount of their sales will be cannibalized from other Target stores. In fact, predicted sales at â€Å"Goldie’s Square† would have to increase by 62. 5% to cover the loss in sales at the other stores and achieve the prototype NPV. In the short run this investment will add to Target’s top line, but in the long run it will become a burden to the corporation. Although Target has the necessary funds to invest in each of these projects, we recommend they accept all projects other than â€Å"Goldie’s Square†. The primary goal of the CEC is to choose projects which bring value and growth to the company; while increasing brand awareness and strategic considerations are of secondary importance. This is why the CEC must look past the NPV and IRR and really scrutinize the projects, ensuring resources are allocated to the projects which provide the greatest value to all facets of the corporation. By accepting these four projects and rejecting â€Å"Goldie’s Square† Target will achieve sustainable growth and an increase in corporate value. After the recent lackluster returns, stockholders and analysts will be pleased with Target’s commitment to positive growth and value creation.

What For- Is For

What For- Is For What For- Is For What For- Is For By Mark Nichol The element for-, though it stems from the same Proto-Germanic word that gave us the preposition for, deviated from the common ancestor to serve as a prefix meaning â€Å"away,† â€Å"opposite,† or â€Å"completely.† That’s the sense that contributes to the meaning of most words beginning with for-. Notice that these words have in common that their connotations are definitive: The verbs forbid (â€Å"prohibit,† with a root cognate with bid and meaning â€Å"command†), forget (â€Å"fail to remember† or â€Å"inadvertently neglect,† with a root cognate with get and meaning â€Å"grasp,†), and forgive (â€Å"pardon,† with a self-evident root) are potent; so, too, is the adverb forever (â€Å"always,† with a self-evident root). Other words in the for- family have not only that strong sense but also an archaic ring to them, and most are rare: the verbs forbear (â€Å"refrain† or â€Å"endure†; the root is self-evident), forfend (â€Å"prevent† or â€Å"protect†; the root, fend, is the word meaning â€Å"ward off†), forgo (â€Å"refrain from†; the root is self-evident); forlorn (originally â€Å"disgraced,† later â€Å"wretched† and â€Å"abandoned†; the root- also seen in lovelorn, meaning â€Å"pining for love†- means â€Å"lost†), forsake (â€Å"abandon†; the root, cognate with sake, means â€Å"blame† or â€Å"dispute†), and forswear (â€Å"renounce†; the root is self-evident) and the adverb forsooth (â€Å"indeed†; the root, cognate with sooth, means â€Å"truth†). Other intensive terms, which are so archaic as to be obsolete, are the verb fordo (â€Å"destroy† or â€Å"kill†; the adjectival form, fordone, survives in an inverted version as the idiomatic phrase â€Å"done for†) and the adjective forblak (â€Å"exceedingly black†). Several for- words are only partially related: The first syllable in the adjective foreign (â€Å"from beyond one’s own country†) and in forfeit, both a verb and a noun (â€Å"give up† or â€Å"something given up,† respectively), is from a Latin element meaning â€Å"outside,† which is distantly akin to the other for-. The verb and adverb forward (the word retains a noun function only in reference to a position held by certain athletes) was spelled forewearde in Old English. Like words that still begin with fore-, it pertains to something located before something else (or, in the case of some of these words, something occurring before something else); for- and fore- are distant relatives. Fortune and fortuitous are unrelated outliers based on the Latin root that means â€Å"chance† or â€Å"luck.† The second element in therefor and therefore- the distinction between the first rare form and the more common second one is â€Å"by reason of that† versus â€Å"in consequence of that,† respectively- is the conjunction for (â€Å"because†). Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply withWhat to Do When Words Appear Twice in a Row5 Examples of Insufficient Hyphenation

Fun Ways to Assess Student Learning Informally

Fun Ways to Assess Student Learning Informally There are a variety of ways to assess a student’s progress and understanding. Two of the primary methods are formal and informal assessments. Formal assessments include tests, quizzes, and projects. Students can study  and prepare for these assessments in advance, and they provide a systematic tool for teachers to measure a student’s knowledge and evaluate learning progress. Informal assessments are more casual, observation-based tools. With little advance preparation and no need to grade the results, these assessments allow teachers to get a feel for student progress and identify areas in which they might need more instruction. Informal assessments can help teachers  pinpoint students’ strengths and  weaknesses and guide planning for upcoming lessons.   In the classroom, informal assessments are important because they can help identify potential problem areas and allow for course correction before students are required to demonstrate understanding at a formal evaluation. Many homeschooling families prefer to rely almost entirely on informal assessments because they are often a more accurate indicator of understanding, particularly for students who don’t test well. Informal assessments can also provide vital student feedback without the stress of tests and quizzes. Following are just a few examples of creative informal assessments for your classroom or homeschool. Observation Observation is the heart of any informal assessment, but it is also a key stand-alone method. Simply watch your student throughout the day. Look for signs of excitement, frustration, boredom, and engagement. Make notes about the tasks and activities that elicit these emotions. Keep samples of student work in  chronological order  so that you can identify progress and areas of weakness. Sometimes you don’t realize how much a student has progressed until you compare their current work to previous samples. Author Joyce Herzog has a simple but effective method of observing progress. Ask your student to do simple tasks such as writing an example of each math operation he understands, writing the most complicated word he knows he can spell correctly, or  writing a sentence (or short paragraph). Do the same process once a quarter or once a semester to gauge progress. Oral Presentations We often think of oral presentations as a type of formal assessment, but they can be a fantastic informal assessment tool, as well. Set a timer for  one or two  minutes and ask your student to tell you what he’s learned about a particular topic. For example, if you are learning about parts of speech, you could ask your students to name as many prepositions as they can in 30 seconds while you write them on the whiteboard. A broader approach is to present students with a sentence starter and let them take turns finishing it. Examples include: â€Å"My favorite thing about this topic was†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬Å"The most interesting or surprising thing I learned about this was†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬Å"This historical figure was†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Journaling Give your students one to three minutes at the end of each day to journal about what they learned. Vary the daily journaling experience by asking students to: list 5-10 facts they’ve learned about a topicwrite about the most exciting thing they learned that daylist one or two things they’d like to know more aboutnote something that they’re having trouble understandinglist ways that you could help them understand a topic better. Paper Toss Let your students write questions for each other on a piece of paper. Instruct students to crumple their paper, and let them have an epic paper wad toss. Then, have all the students pick up one of the paper balls, read the question aloud, and answer it. This activity wouldn’t work well in most homeschool settings, but it’s an excellent way for students in a classroom or homeschool co-op to get the wiggles out and check their knowledge on a topic they’ve been studying. Four Corners Four Corners is another fantastic activity for getting kids up and moving while also assessing their knowledge. Label each corner of the room with a different option such as strongly agree, agree, disagree, strongly disagree, or A, B, C, and D. Read a question or statement and have students go to the corner of the room that represents their answer. After students reach their corner, allow them a minute or  two to discuss their choice in their group. Then, choose a representative from each group to explain or defend that group’s answer. Matching/Concentration Let your students play matching (also known as  concentration) in groups or pairs. Write questions on one set of cards and answers on the other. Shuffle the cards and lay them, one by one, face down on a table. Students take turns turning over two cards trying to match a question card with the correct answer card. If a student makes a match, he gets another turn. If he does not, it’s the next players turn. The student with the most matches wins. Concentration is an extremely versatile game. You can use math facts and their answers, vocabulary words and their definitions, or historical figures or events with their dates or details. Exit Slips At the end of each day or week, have your students complete an exit slip before leaving the classroom. Index cards work well for this activity. You can have the questions printed on the cards, written on the whiteboard, or you can read them aloud. Ask your students to fill out the card with answers to statements such as: Three  things I learnedTwo  questions I haveOne thing I didn’t understandWhat I found most interesting This is an excellent activity for gauging what students have retained about the topic they are studying and to determine areas which may need more explanation. Demonstration Supply the tools and let students show you what they know, explaining the process as they go. If they’re learning about measurements, provide rulers or a tape measure and items to measure. If they’re studying plants, offer a variety of plants and let students point out the different parts of the plant and explain what each does. If students are learning about biomes, provide the settings for each (drawings, photos, or dioramas, for example) and model plants, animals, or insects that one might find in the biomes represented. Let students place the figures in their correct settings and explain why they belong there or what they know about each. Drawings Drawing is an excellent way for creative, artistic, or kinesthetic learners to express what they’ve learned. They can draw the steps of a process or create a comic strip to depict a historical event. They can draw and label plants, cells, or the parts of a knight’s armor. Crossword puzzles Crossword puzzles make a fun, stress-free informal assessment tool. Create puzzles with a crossword puzzle maker, using definitions or descriptions as the clues. Accurate answers result in a correctly-completed puzzle. You can use crossword puzzles to evaluate understanding of a variety of history, science, or literature topics such as states, presidents, animals, or even sports. Narration Narration is a method of student evaluation widely used in homeschooling circles and inspired by Charlotte Mason, a British educator, at the turn of the 20th century. The practice involves having a student tell you, in his own words, what he has heard after a read-aloud or learned after studying a topic. Explaining something in one’s own words requires comprehension of the subject. Using narration is a useful tool for discovering what a student has learned and identifying areas that you may need to  cover more thoroughly. Drama Invite students to act out scenes or create puppet shows from topics they’ve been studying. This is especially effective for historical events or biographical studies. Drama can be an exceptionally valuable and easy-to-implement tool for homeschooling families. It’s common for young children to incorporate what they’re learning into their pretend play. Listen and observe as your children play to evaluate what they’re learning and what you may need to clarify. Student Self-evaluation Use self-evaluation to help students  reflect on and assess  their own progress.  There are many options for a simple self-assessment. One is to ask students to raise their hands to indicate which  statement applies to them: â€Å"I fully understand the topic,† â€Å"I mostly understand the topic,† â€Å"I’m a little confused,† or â€Å"I need help.† Another option is to ask students to give a thumbs up, a sideways thumb, or a thumbs down to indicate fully understand, mostly understand, or need help. Or use a five-finger scale and have students hold up the number of fingers that corresponds to their level of understanding. You may also want to create a self-evaluation form for students to complete. The form can list statements about the assignment and boxes for students to check if they strongly agree, agree, disagree, or strongly disagree that the statement applies to their assignment. This type of self-evaluation would also be useful for students to rate their behavior or participation in class.

Supply Chain Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Supply Chain Management - Assignment Example Besides, it ensures that the final product manufactured reaches the final destination in good quality (Donald et al., 2014). Within Hsu Ta manufacturers, they have a number of department under supply chain management. The duty is to ensure quality plastic product reaches the customers. It has supply planner whose function is to ensure that the projection of target volume of plastic products is achieved. Secondly, the company has product manager who ensures that there is a consistent supply of raw materials into the manufacturing department. Besides, the manager ensures a systematic flow of final products to the market. Moreover, its supply chain management, the company has a purposeful procurement department. Procurement is the process of ensuring there is a constant supply of raw materials into the manufacturing section. In addition, it ensures the raw material obtained meets the minimum standards set by the company and are of high quality. In the companys supply chain management, procurement section is the cornerstone because it is within procurement that the assessment of quality and purchasing of raw materials is done. Within the department, there is a business process consultant and relations manager who ensure that procurement of raw materials is within the company policy (Donald et al., 2013). The company has five critical functional departments within the procurement and supply management cycle. Firstly, it has a manufacturing flow management process. Under this department, the production manager ensures that there is a consistent supply of plastic raw materials necessary for the production. It ensures that there is perpetual production of goods and minimizes any disturbance from procurement and logistical challenges (Waters 2010). The effort has ensured that there is a shorter cycle of supply chain. In addition, the unit manages activities related to

Art final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art final - Essay Example o as Classical art, then a thousand years later to the influence of the Catholic Church and religious figures in what is now called Medieval art, to the more humanistic and mathematical dimensions of Renaissance Art, these three cultures have greatly impacted modern art today in the 21st century, and our understanding of beauty, balance, iconography, religious-themed works, and the mathematical beauty of depth and dimension. In ancient Greece, there was a cultural bend towards striving for perfection. Perfection in a social system, philosophy, governance, and, of course, art. The Greeks had a fascination with the human form and perfection. In Greek sculpture, there was almost no recognition of the individualism of personality in a work of art (Kallendorf 42). The facial expression and facial features in Classical Greek sculptures is irrelevant. What is most important is a balance of the positioning of the body, with perfect physical features. There is no room for imperfection in Classical Greek sculptures of the human form, noted by the "S-curve" of the spine (Stewart 21) and one forward leg of the upright pose, weight shifted back a bit on the back leg. The goal was to give the subject a timeless and confident pose. Most sculptures were positioned upright, with one foot foreword, and the weight mostly on the back foot, called, later, contrapposto position (Stewart 23), rejuvenated in Renaissance art. This pose suggested a confident, forward-looking air about the subject. With the eyes and face blank, with the hear upright, and chin out, shoulders square, the focus is all given to the human body-- a combination of physical perfection and balance. Poses of Classical statues were important to connivery a continuum of the societys art with its larger goals of human perfection in government and philosophy. There were very few religious-themes sculptures in Classical Greek art, as nature and common daily life was portrayed in a way which gave the subject a

Human Arrangements Essay Example for Free

Human Arrangements Essay The increase of poverty in the recent years is one of the major problems which the United States has to face. As the survey shows, the highest poverty rates in the United States were witnessed during the years of recession, for example 1960, 1975, 1983 and others. However, the poverty rates increased dramatically through 2001-2003. In 2002, the number of people in poverty reached 34. 4 million, which is 12. 1% of the population. The poverty rate was at its lowest level between 1970-1980 years, but since that time it never decreased until that level. In the last years, it was the lowest in 2000 (at the level of 11%) but since that time it kept increasing annually. In 2003, poverty rate reached 12. 5% which is 0. 4% higher than in 2002. The dynamics of poverty in the United States also shows that the most vulnerable members of the society are people under the age of 18 (17% of them are in poverty). Citizens aged 18-64 have had the lowest poverty rates up to 2002, when the level of poverty rates of seniors (aged 65 and older) reached their level. According to the regional characteristic, states in which poverty rates increased the most included Florida, Illinois, Utah, South Carolina and others. It is also necessary to analyze the dynamics of poverty rates among different races. According to the survey, poverty rates increased greatly among all of the races present in the United States. At the same time, the income level of White, Asian and Black households remained unchanged while the income of Hispanic households experienced some decrease. Among these groups, Black households have the lowest level of income and thus have the highest poverty rates among the groups in the society. In 2003, the median income of Black families reached only $30,000 which was only 62% of the $48,000 income of White households (non-Hispanic origin). The group with the highest income level, and thus the smallest number of people below the poverty line was Asians. Their average income reached $55,000 in 2003. It is possible to conclude that among all of the groups, Blacks are experiencing the most problems with obtaining income. Asian households receive almost the double income of what Black households receive. Due to the fact that poverty rates are increasing with years, it means that Black citizens are going to become more and more vulnerable in the society. In 2003, 24. 4% of Black people were below the poverty line, and the percentage has increasing by 2005. For comparison, only 11% of Asian people were below the poverty line in 2003. There are many reasons why the poverty rate among Blacks has changed the most during the recent years. First, due to discrimination, many Black people are still unable to get high-paying jobs which people of other origins get easily. The experience of New Orleans shows that despite the hopes of African Americans hat discrimination would be reduces with time, this process is very slow. Most of the people affected by hurricane in New Orleans lost their houses and jobs, and it will be very difficult for them to achieve their previous level of income in the following years. Unfortunately, the government did not take any measures to assist the people whose houses were devastated by the hurricane. Situation with New Orleans is only one of the examples of how discrimination occurs in the United States and Black population is unable to reach the same income level as other races. Another reason of high poverty rate among Blacks is their inability to enter prestigious establishments of higher learning. Due to the low income level of their families in comparison with other races, they are often unable to obtain good education which would lead them to high-paying jobs. At the same time, it is necessary to mark that due to the introduction of Civil Rights legislation, the poverty level of Blacks in the recent years is much lower than it was before the adoption of legislation. Even though the poverty rate has been increasing during the last years, the average rate is much lower than it was in the 50s. Despite the fact that Blacks are still experiencing some sort of discrimination, it is much less noticeable as it was before the adoption of Civil Rights legislation. Owing to the legislation, they finally got an opportunity to have the same rights as white people and thus the overall poverty level among Blacks declined dramatically in comparison with previous decades. Bibliography. 1. Poverty in the United States- 2002. Issued September 2003. Available at URL: http://www.census.gov/prod/www/abs/popula.html 2. Income, Poverty and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States 2003. Issued August 2004. Available at URL: http://www. census. gov/prod/www/abs/income. html.

Chinua Achebe and the Language of the Colonizer Essay -- Essays Papers

Chinua Achebe and the Language of the Colonizer A powerful instrument of control used by the colonizing powers is the instrument of language. Language forms a huge part of the culture of a people - it is through their language that they express their folk tales, myths, proverbs, history. For this reason, the imperial powers invariably attempted to stamp out native languages and replace them with their own. As Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin point out, there are two possible responses to this control - rejection or subversion. (The Post-Colonial Studies Reader, London: Routledge, 1995. 284) While Ngugi Wa Thiong’o is famous for advocating outright rejection of the colonialist language, believing that this rejection is central to the anti-imperialist struggle, Chinua Achebe has chosen the idea of subversion rather than rejection. According to Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin, his writing â€Å"displays a process by which the language is made to bear the weight and texture of a different experience. In doing so it becomes anothe r language.† In The African Trilogy, Achebe uses the language of the colonizer to convey the Igbo experience of that colonization. The idioms, proverbs and imagery of these books all invoke his Eastern Nigerian culture, forcing the reader to accept on Achebe’s (linguistic) terms, the story he has to tell. Any reader of The African Trilogy comes away with at least a limited knowledge of Igbo words and phrases. Some words such as obi, chi, osu, and egwugwu be... Chinua Achebe and the Language of the Colonizer Essay -- Essays Papers Chinua Achebe and the Language of the Colonizer A powerful instrument of control used by the colonizing powers is the instrument of language. Language forms a huge part of the culture of a people - it is through their language that they express their folk tales, myths, proverbs, history. For this reason, the imperial powers invariably attempted to stamp out native languages and replace them with their own. As Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin point out, there are two possible responses to this control - rejection or subversion. (The Post-Colonial Studies Reader, London: Routledge, 1995. 284) While Ngugi Wa Thiong’o is famous for advocating outright rejection of the colonialist language, believing that this rejection is central to the anti-imperialist struggle, Chinua Achebe has chosen the idea of subversion rather than rejection. According to Ashcroft, Griffiths and Tiffin, his writing â€Å"displays a process by which the language is made to bear the weight and texture of a different experience. In doing so it becomes anothe r language.† In The African Trilogy, Achebe uses the language of the colonizer to convey the Igbo experience of that colonization. The idioms, proverbs and imagery of these books all invoke his Eastern Nigerian culture, forcing the reader to accept on Achebe’s (linguistic) terms, the story he has to tell. Any reader of The African Trilogy comes away with at least a limited knowledge of Igbo words and phrases. Some words such as obi, chi, osu, and egwugwu be...

Discipline and Corporal Punishment

Corporal punishment by definition is the deliberate infliction of physical pain as a system of changing behaviour. Corporal punishment may consist of methods such as shaking, pinching, kicking, punching, slapping, hitting, painful body posture, or use of different objects such as sticks, belts and paddles (National Association of School Nurses, 2002, p. 1). In the past, corporal punishment was a technique of disciplining youth and children in the school setting.At present, several States in America have enacted legislation banning corporal punishment in schools. On the other hand corporal punishment has been an accepted mode of reprimand that several parents choose to integrate into their lives without giving a careful consideration. The mode of punishment can commence at any time but is generally initiated within the start of the child’s grade school (Mathews, 2006, p. 1). The physical inflictions can be tolerated all the way until the teenager grows old enough to leave or be independent.This type of correction is purely torture, which has been employed for centuries and is still a frightening and disturbing incidence in several families today. Dr. Murray Straus of the University of New Hampshire Family Research Laboratory revealed that corporal punishment: when regularly imposed to children it increases their antisocial behaviour such as bullying, cheating, stealing, lying, assaulting peers or sibling, and lack of repentance for erroneous doings (The Center for Effective Discipline, n.d. ); provides as a model for violent behaviour and for improper ways of dealing with disagreement among the punished children; erodes trust between a child and parent; and badly influences cognitive development of the child. Corporal punishment is not desirable for the reason that it increases the risk of child abuse and adults who were frequently hit during their childhood are likely to experience depression and other unconstructive mental health and social effects.This form of punishment can have a negative effect on the affected children as it relates to their physical and mental growth and health, as they are at a period of fragile mental capacity. Finally, corporal punishment is not desirable because children are entitled to security, care and good rearing from their parents and teachers. Adults should understand the significance of recognizing corrective discipline instead of outright imposition of corporal punishment in disciplining children.Because children’s ability to control their own behaviour is limited, corrective discipline is an important characteristic of adequate parenting for the reason that it generates the best preventive steps, which is reducing the occurrence of misconduct, and not eliminating it (Straus, Fauchier, 2007, p. 5). Corrective discipline incorporates positive in addition to disciplinary behaviours, and combinations of the two. Conclusion Corporal punishment has a strong possibility to influence the childâ⠂¬â„¢s self-image and contribute to violent and disruptive behaviours.However, the practice remains a commonly used method of discipline in most American families and is still legal in educational institutions in several States in America. The progress of social skills after the infliction of corporal punishment may be severely changed, leading to belligerent behaviours. The imposition of corporal punishment also advances the message that cruelty is an acceptable form of behaviour in the society. Clearly, corporal punishment is not desirable and effective in enforcing discipline among children.

Personal advert Essay

Having paced some years on this planet, I have discovered that life is for the tough and tender. I grew within the limbs and caprices of my parents who trained with finest informal education that an average parent can afford. Although they belong to the middle class with respect to income, they run first-class with educational desires for their kids. I was not left out of this dream of training intense and intelligent children who can contribute effectively to the socio-economic development of the immediate and larger society. I absorbed this training amidst tears but today, I can remember that nothing cheap is good and nothing good is cheap; that the hard working but patient man will one day walk with confidence in gratitude to God, parents and teachers. Why? Because he has been duly trained. My training has made me who I am today: a calm diligent person who respect for everyone; I have an unflinching interest in community development and I have participated in several volunteer works in youth counseling and support. My doggedness for excellence will pave way for me as I stride ahead, living not just for myself but for those around. This is because in making others happy, that’s where fulfillment begins. A. Why would someone advertise themselves for a date? This is important as an avenue to boost the individual status. It creates an elevated status, provides basic information for the other party, and forms a good basis on which to interprets and understand the person. And the person might just want to set the game straight so that the date covers remaining angles. B. What could be an advantage and a disadvantage to this dating strategy? The advantage is that it provides basic information about the individual. The disadvantage is that it can make the other person to become bias, removing the surprise and personal discovery that adds glamour to dating strategy. C. Does this dating strategy encourage or discourage homogamy? This dating strategy tends to encourage homogamy, as one is apparently aware of the information of the other. D. Is it easy or difficult to write an advertisement about yourself? Why or why not? It is not difficult to write a persona advertisement about oneself: if one is sincere with personal data and self-discovery, it is a quite an easy do to. However, there will areas one may overlook that others can see and write about. E. How does exchange theory apply to this dating strategy? It combines efficiency, self-discovery and the principles of human interactions to give a boost to the strategy. It creates a viable platform to foster dating.

Essay Sample on Cloning A Satirical Approach

Essay Sample on Cloning A Satirical Approach Free example essay on Cloning: Family life in the new millennium is constantly changing. The number of mothers acquiring full-time employment is increasing, fathers are spending more time at the office and consequently their children are spending more time at daycare. Economist Michael Mitchell states his belief as to why this is happening, The costs of living as well as the current condition of the Canadian economy are both placing pressure on employed  Canadians – especially those with children  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ to spend more time in the office. The fear of losing ones job is just too great right now. But what about the effects this situation has on these families? In a recent country-wide survey of employed Canadians with children between the ages of 1 and 15, 91.2% of working women would like to be able to leave work early to see their children more each day. The survey also showed that the children who attend daycare spend on average 20.1 hours per week in that establishment. Another recent study conducted at the University of Toronto showed a strong correlation between the amount of time a parent spends relaxing, and the quality of their work and family life. Psycho-sociologist Fran Baker states that, when a person is able to take time from their busy schedule, and do something that they enjoy, it improves their attitude towards their job and helps to form a healthy family dynamic. Not only do the parents suffer a loss from this situation, so do the children. Carla Simons, from Brainy Babies Daycare Center in Etobicoke, believes, [e]ven though the BBDC is focused on helping these children develop healthy personalities and interpersonal relationships, it is still much better for them to learn these behaviours from their parents. All these children tell my coworkers and me how much they miss their parents; that must be an indication that something needs to change. It is clear that not only do the parents want to be with their children more, but the children want to be with their parents. But what could possibly be done to ensure the parents maintain their careers, spend more time with their children and still keep time for themselves? An idea that was farfetched until recently: getting a clone or maybe even two. One might be wondering how this is even possible. It is possible, and the process is not even too difficult. Once cloning becomes more popular, one will be able to go to their local cloning center to inquire about being copied. According to an in-depth interview with biotechnologist Abe Atkins, the steps are as follows: A sample of your cells, like skin or hair, will be taken. Doctors will take an embryo (unused from an In Vitro Fertilization clinic), remove the nucleus also called DNA from the egg, and combine it with one of your cells. Once they are combined, the embryo will now contain your DNA. The embryo is implanted in the uterus of the surrogate of your choice and 9 months later the clone is born. Some people have concerns about this process, so I, along with the knowledge I have gained from my friends in the cloning business, will clear them up. It has been said that some clones could be born up to two times larger than a real baby. For this concern, there are two options. One is that you could keep the giant clone to serve as a body guard. Imagine; you could finally feel safe walking through the streets at night knowing that you have a larger, more intimidating version of yourself protecting you. Or if your kids were going to be out late, you could send your clone along to be with them! If you do not feel as though you need a bodyguard clone, the giant could be donated to the Canadian army. We are sorely lacking in the defence of our country (which in itself is an entirely different article), so it would be a great help to your country if you would donate this super-sized being to protect us. It would be a warm, fuzzy feeling knowing how much you were contributing to the saf ety of your community. Some may be wondering if their boss or their children will know the difference between themselves and their clones. Of course there might be some slight differences in personality, but the clone could easily be trained to perform all the necessary tasks and interpersonal skills of the workplace, and also the general ideas of parenting. The parenting skills should only be used if one was in need of a babysitter, as it is strongly believed by all advocates of cloning that the real parents should be raising the children. As well, one would have to decide what their children would call the clone. Some suggestions from researchers in cloning labs are Clonimommy and Daddydouble. For those times when one would like to be the only one of themselves in public, special clone-chambers can be installed in your home for easy storage. Not to worry, clones are not real people and do not need to be given attention all that often. Others do not need to know you have a clone, and clones certainly do not have to be high maintenance. The last major concern that should be addressed is clonal reproduction. Abe Atkins has reassured everyone that, [n]o clones will have the ability to reproduce. These beings are not real people and by no means have the right to create children of their own. For this reason, they will all be sterilized at birth. This is a good thing; Canadians certainly do not want little clones to take over the country and maybe even lower taxes. When addressing the many concerns, I do not mean to say they are not legitimate, however they in no way compare to the advantages that come from cloning. The best advantage would be that parents can spend less time in a stressful, pressure-filled environment, and spend more time in a relaxed, happy environment spending quality time with their children. The clone will continue bringing in an income and furthering your career, while you can raise your standard of living in a non-financial way: by keeping your children out of daycare and forming healthy relationships within your household. When not at work, ones clone can take care of all housework and other errands that need to be done especially cleaning the toilet and picking up after the dogso that one can have time for oneself. One could take the time to read a book, take a bath or go to the gym. This would mean that people would be less stressed, happier, and be healthier both mentally and physically. Speaking of health, clones could also be grown and stored for the purpose of having extra organs in the case of an emergency. As Canadas healthcare is also on the rocks, there would no longer be a wait for an organ, and there would be no risk of rejection once the transplant was completed. As mentioned previously, a great advantage to cloning would be the increased enrolment in the Canadian army. Maybe our new strength in numbers would lead to a spot of respect or even true acknowledgement from the United States! This article is in no way saying that every person should get a clone. It is however, an option for the many Canadians that are in the conflicting situation of having a career, having children, and at times just need to be in two places at once. Many would say that cloning should never be an option, and to do so without enough experience and knowledge of the effects of such an action is completely irresponsible. These clones would be real people, and their feelings as humans need to be considered too. Although this article has supported the idea of cloning, I can in no way benefit from this technology. I have no wife, no children, and the leisurely job of writing childrens pop-up books at my home in a little known town in Spain.

Psycholinguistics Definition and Examples

Psycholinguistics Definition and Examples Psycholinguistics is the study of the mental aspects of language and speech. It is primarily concerned with the ways in which language is represented and processed in the brain. A branch of both linguistics and psychology, psycholinguistics is part of the field of cognitive science. Adjective: psycholinguistic. The term psycholinguistics was introduced by American psychologist Jacob Robert Kantor in his book An Objective Psychology of Grammar (1936). The term was popularized by one of Kantors students, Henry Pronko, in the article Language and Psycholinguistics: A Review (1946). The emergence of  psycholinguistics as an academic discipline is generally linked to an influential seminar at Cornell University in 1951. Pronunciation: si-ko-lin-GWIS-tiks Also Known As: psychology of language Etymology: From the Greek, mind the Latin, tongue On Psycholinguistics Psycholinguistics is  the study of the mental mechanisms that make it possible for people to use language. It is a scientific discipline whose goal is a coherent theory of the way in which language is produced and understood. (Alan Garnham,  Psycholinguistics: Central Topics. Psychology Press, 1985) Two Key Questions At its heart, psycholinguistic work consists of two questions. One is, What knowledge of language is needed for us to use language? In a sense, we must know a language to use it, but we are not always fully aware of this knowledge... The other primary psycholinguistic question is, What cognitive processes are involved in the ordinary use of language? By ordinary use of language I mean such things as understanding a lecture, reading a book, writing a letter, and holding a conversation. By cognitive processes, I mean processes such as perception, memory, and thinking. Although we do few things as often or as easily as speaking and listening, we will find that considerable cognitive processing is going on during those activities. (David Carroll,  Psychology of Language, 5th ed. Thomson, 2008)   How Language Is Done Psycholinguists study how word meaning, sentence meaning, and discourse meaning are computed and represented in the mind. They study how complex words and sentences are composed in speech and how they are broken down into their constituents in the acts of listening and reading. In short, psycholinguists seek to understand how language is done... In general, psycholinguistic studies have revealed that many of the concepts employed in the analysis of sound structure, word structure, and sentence structure also play a role in language processing. However, an account of language processing also requires that we understand how these linguistic concepts interact with other aspects of human processing to enable language production and comprehension. (William OGrady, et al., Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction. Bedford/St. Martins, 2001) An Interdisciplinary Field Psycholinguistics... draws on ideas and knowledge from a number of associated areas, such as phonetics, semantics and pure linguistics. There is a constant exchange of information between psycholinguists and those working in neurolinguistics, who study how language is represented in the brain. There are also close links with studies in artificial intelligence. Indeed, much of the early interest in language processing derived from the AI goals of designing computer programs that can turn speech into writing and programs that can recognize the human voice. (John Field, Psycholinguistics: A Resource Book for Students. Routledge, 2003) On Psycholinguistics and Neuroimaging Psycholinguistics has classically focused on button press tasks and reaction time experiments from which cognitive processes are being inferred. The advent of neuroimaging opened new research perspectives for the psycholinguist as it became possible to look at the neuronal mass activity that underlies language processing. Studies of brain correlates of psycholinguistic processes can complement behavioral results, and in some cases . . . can lead to direct information about the basis of psycholinguistic processes. (Friedmann Pulvermà ¼ller, Word Processing in the Brain as Revealed by Neurophysiological Imaging. The Oxford Handbook of Psycholinguistics, ed. by M. Gareth Gaskell. Oxford University Press, 2009)

Canada Geese Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Canada Geese - Research Paper Example s an aspect of how organisms relate to their environment and the adaptive features that are common among a certain population that makes them fit for a certain ecological area. This paper is going to discuss biological aspects with emphasis put on the Canada geese such as the habitats, reproduction, range, adaptations and ecology. Canada geese are water birds with big bodies, long neck, large and webbed feet, brown back and a tan breast. In addition, these birds have a black head, a chinstrap and white cheeks. These living organisms are characterized by their movements in flocks or in pairs. A habitat is basically an ecological area that is home to a certain species of living organisms. However, it is important to note that a habitat is not limited to geographical areas only, in the case of parasites such as viruses, the host is the habitat. A habitat is composed of both biological and physical factors. Biological factors include: predators, for instance a certain species might be forced to change its habitat due to the invasion of predators which could be threatening its extinction. For example, an increase in population of lions in a certain locality is a threat to the antelope population. Therefore antelopes would be forced to flee thus changing their habitats. All organisms need food for survival. Therefore depletion of food quantity in a certain locality is a biological factor that determines habitats for living organisms. A prolonged dry condition in a certain locality can result in encroachment of desert condition in that geographical locality; this therefore depletes food reservoirs for herbivores thus forcing them to flee to grounds that are food secure. Social factors are also vital as far as species habitation is concern. These factors include: soil types, moisture, availability of sun light and the temperature range. Specific species can survive in areas with a certain temperature range, thus change in this range is likely to evoke migration of that